Nonpartisan proportionality: Difference between revisions
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'''Nonpartisan proportional voting''' ('''NPV'''), often called '''Proportional representation''' ('''PR'''), or commonly known IRL as '''Single Transferable Vote''' ('''STV''') is a multi-winner [[wikipedia:Electoral_system|electoral system]] in which voters cast a single vote in the form of a [[wikipedia:Ranked_ballot|ranked-choice ballot]]. Voters have the option to rank candidates, and their vote may be transferred according to marked back-up preferences if their preferred candidate is eliminated, so that [[wikipedia:Wasted_vote|their vote is used to elect someone they prefer over others in the running]]. | '''Nonpartisan proportional voting''' ('''NPV'''), often called '''Proportional representation''' ('''PR'''), or commonly known IRL as '''Single Transferable Vote''' ('''STV''') is a multi-winner [[wikipedia:Electoral_system|electoral system]] in which voters cast a single vote in the form of a [[wikipedia:Ranked_ballot|ranked-choice ballot]]. Voters have the option to rank candidates, and their vote may be transferred according to marked back-up preferences if their preferred candidate is eliminated, so that [[wikipedia:Wasted_vote|their vote is used to elect someone they prefer over others in the running]]. | ||
NPV aims to provide [[wikipedia:Proportional_representation|proportional representation]] based on votes cast in the district where it is used, so that each vote is worth about the same as another. Unlike in single-winner and [[wikipedia:Majoritarian_representation|majoritarian systems]] as [[ | NPV aims to provide [[wikipedia:Proportional_representation|proportional representation]] based on votes cast in the district where it is used, so that each vote is worth about the same as another. Unlike in single-winner and [[wikipedia:Majoritarian_representation|majoritarian systems]] as [[First-Past-the-Post|first-past-the-post]] (FPTP), [[wikipedia:Instant-runoff_voting|instant-runoff voting]] (IRV; also known as the alternative vote), one party or voting bloc (such as towns or factions of a nation) can take all the seats in a given electorate. While under NPV that is highly unlikely, unless the number of seats is very small or almost all the votes cast are cast for one party or group's candidates. The key to NPV's approximation of proportionality is that each voter effectively only casts a single vote in a contest electing multiple winners, while the ranked ballots (and sufficiently large districts) allow the results to approach proportionality. | ||
Under proportional representation, multiple winners are selected for an electoral district, however this district may constitute the entirety of a nation or other polity. Every sizeable group within the district wins at least one seat: the more seats the district has, the smaller the size of the group needed to elect a member. In this way, NPV provides approximately proportional representation, ensuring that substantial minority factions have some representation. | Under proportional representation, multiple winners are selected for an electoral district, however this district may constitute the entirety of a nation or other polity. Every sizeable group within the district wins at least one seat: the more seats the district has, the smaller the size of the group needed to elect a member. In this way, NPV provides approximately proportional representation, ensuring that substantial minority factions have some representation. | ||
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An important characteristic of NPV is that it enables votes to be cast for individual candidates rather than for parties. Party lists are therefore not needed (as opposed to many other proportional electoral systems); it is the voters who create their own ordered list of candidates. The ranked voting also allows voters to form consensus behind the most popular candidates. | An important characteristic of NPV is that it enables votes to be cast for individual candidates rather than for parties. Party lists are therefore not needed (as opposed to many other proportional electoral systems); it is the voters who create their own ordered list of candidates. The ranked voting also allows voters to form consensus behind the most popular candidates. | ||
Nonpartisan proportional representation is used in all elections in the [[Cascadia|Republic of Cascadia]], [[ | Nonpartisan proportional representation is used in all elections in the [[Cascadia|Republic of Cascadia]], [[Aurora:Vermont|Vermont]], and the Midwestern Union, and was formerly used in the briefly existing Republic of British Columbia. | ||
==Process== | ==Process== | ||
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|Droop quota | |Droop quota | ||
|Electoral divisions | |Electoral divisions | ||
| | |2–7 | ||
|Presidential system | |Presidential system | ||
|[[September 2022 Cascadia general election|September 17, 2022]] | |[[September 2022 Cascadia general election|September 17, 2022]] | ||
|Prior to using proportional representation a version of score voting was used. | |Prior to using proportional representation a version of score voting was used. | ||
|- | |||
|[[Aurora:Vermont|Vermont]] | |||
|[[Aurora:Vermont#Legislative Branch|General Assembly]] | |||
|Unicameral legislature | |||
|Droop quota | |||
|Legislative districts | |||
|1–2 | |||
|Presidential system | |||
|TBA | |||
|Prior to using proportional representation, at-large multi-winner [[First-Past-the-Post|first-past-the-post]] was used. | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Michigan (Aurora)|Midwestern Union]] | |[[Michigan (Aurora)|Midwestern Union]] | ||