Nova:Nepal: Difference between revisions

The name "Nepal" is first recorded in texts from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_period Vedic period] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_subcontinent Indian subcontinent], the era in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_India ancient India] when [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism Hinduism] was founded, the predominant religion of the country. In the middle of the first millennium BCE, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gautama_Buddha Gautama Buddha], the founder of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism Buddhism], was born in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbini Lumbini] in southern Nepal. Parts of northern Nepal were intertwined with the culture of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet Tibet]. The centrally located [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathmandu_Valley Kathmandu Valley] is intertwined with the culture of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Aryan_people Indo-Aryans],<sup id="cite_ref-Verbeke2013_16-0">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-Verbeke2013-16 [16]]</sup> and was the seat of the prosperous [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar_people Newar] confederacy known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Mandala Nepal Mandala]. The Himalayan branch of the ancient [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road Silk Road] was dominated by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_Newar valley's traders]. The cosmopolitan region developed distinct traditional [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newa_art art] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Nepal architecture]. By the 18th century, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom Gorkha Kingdom] achieved the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unification_of_Nepal unification of Nepal]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_dynasty Shah dynasty] established the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal Kingdom of Nepal] and later formed an alliance with the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire British Empire], under its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput Rajput] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana_dynasty Rana dynasty] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Nepal premiers]. The country was never colonized but served as a buffer state between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_China Imperial China] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_India British India].<sup id="cite_ref-17">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-17 [17]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-18">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-18 [18]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-19">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-19 [19]]</sup> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy Parliamentary democracy] was introduced in 1951, but was twice suspended by Nepalese monarchs, in 1960 and 2005. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War Nepalese Civil War] in the 1990s and early 2000s resulted in the proclamation of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secular secular] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic republic] in 2008, ending the world's last [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu Hindu] monarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-20">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-20 [20]]</sup>

==The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Nepal Constitution of Nepal], adopted in 2015, establishes Nepal as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_republic federal] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secular_state secular][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_republic parliamentary] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic republic] divided into [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Nepal seven provinces]. Nepal was admitted to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations United Nations]in 1955, and friendship treaties were signed with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India] in 1950 and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China People's Republic of China] in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-21">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-21 [21]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-22">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal#cite_note-22 [22]]</sup> Nepal hosts the permanent secretariat of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation] (SAARC), of which it is a founding member. Nepal is also a member of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_Aligned_Movement Non Aligned Movement] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative Bay of Bengal Initiative]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_Nepal military of Nepal] is the fifth largest in South Asia; it is notable for its [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurkha Gurkha] history, particularly during the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_war world wars], and has been a significant contributor to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping United Nations peacekeeping] operations.==