Nova:Act of the Legislature (Cascadia)

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An Act of the Legislature is a statute enacted by the Legislature of Cascadia. Acts may apply only to individual entities (called private laws), or to the general public (public laws). For a bill to become an act, the text must pass through the unicameral body (the House of Representatives) with a majority, then be either signed into law by the president of Cascadia, be left unsigned for five days while the Legislature remains in session, or, if vetoed by the president, receive a legislative override from 2⁄3 of the House.

Public law, private law, designation

In the Republic of Cascadia, Acts of the Legislature are designated as either public laws, relating to the general public, or private laws, relating to specific institutions or individuals. Since January 20, 2023, all Acts of the Legislature have been designated as "Public Law X–Y" or "Private Law X–Y", where X is the number of the Legislature and Y refers to the sequential order of the bill (when it was enacted). For example, P. L. 5–5 (Monthly Budget Act) was the fifth enacted public law of the 5th Legislature of Cascadia. Public laws are also often abbreviated as Pub. L. No. X–Y.

Promulgation (Cascadia)

An act adopted by simple majorities in both houses of Congress is promulgated, or given the force of law, in one of the following ways:

  1. Signature by the president of Cascadia,
  2. Inaction by the president after five days from reception while the Legislature is in session, or
  3. Reconsideration by the Legislature after a presidential veto during its session. (A bill must receive a 2⁄3 majority vote in the House to override a president's veto.)

Under the Cascadian Constitution, if the president does not return a bill to the Legislature with objections before the time limit expires, then the bill automatically becomes an act; however, if the Legislature is adjourned at the end of this period, then the bill dies and cannot be reconsidered (see pocket veto). If the President rejects a bill while the Legislature is in session, a two-thirds vote of both of House is needed for reconsideration to be successful.

Judicial review and constitutionality

Through the process of judicial review an Act of the Legislature that violates the Constitution may be declared unconstitutional by the courts. A judicial declaration that an Act of the Legislature is unconstitutional does not remove the Act from the Statutes at Large or the Cascadian Code; rather, it prevents the Act from being enforced. However, the Act as published in annotated codes and legal databases is marked with annotations indicating that it is no longer good law.

See also

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